![]() ![]() ![]() The New Jersey Commissioner of Education, for example, required schools to make changes to valedictorian award policy effective only for the incoming freshman class, not students already enrolled. In turn, such changes have led to complaints that it is unfair to change the rules after a competition has begun. Some schools have dropped the honor or changed the rules to allow multiple recipients. Often the differences separating the top student from the nearest competitors are small, and sometimes there are accusations that the winner took advantage of the rules in a way that seemed unfair, such as taking easy courses to get additional credits. The awarding of the valedictorian honor may be the subject of heated controversy. This may occur in the case of a numerical tie in grade point averages, as part of a Latin honors system.Ī valedictorian is usually given a gold medal during the graduation ceremony, with the salutatorian receiving a silver medal. Some schools may feature "co-valedictorians" in lieu of conferring the title on a single individual from among the graduating class. In other schools, the position may be elected by the school body or appointed directly by the school administration based on various systems of merit. ![]() Some institutions award the title based upon various criteria such as an overall academic record of grades and credits, a student's grade point average, the level of rigor within a student's academic program of studies, a vote by school administrators, the level of participation in and dedication to extracurricular activities, and one's public-speaking skills and abilities. Historically and traditionally, however, schools confer the title upon the top ranked graduate of the class, whether determined by GPA or some other means such as a faculty vote, who thereby earns the honor of delivering the valedictory address. Some institutions confer the title on the class member chosen to deliver the final graduation address, regardless of the speaker's academic credentials. The most common method of selection is typically based upon the highest grade point average. In France the term Major de promotion ("first in class") is used, although the term is not related to any ceremonial role, as there are rarely graduation ceremonies in schools or universities. The highest-ranking student in a graduating class is often referred to as dux (Latin for "leader"), and may or may not give a speech. In Australia, the title is sometimes awarded to a member of a graduating university class on the basis of a contribution to the school rather than academic success. The term is not widely used outside the United States, Canada, Kuwait, Egypt, and the Philippines, although some countries may award equivalent titles. The valedictory address, also known as the valediction, is generally considered a final farewell to classmates, before they disperse to pursue their individual paths after graduating. The term is an Anglicised derivation of the Latin vale dicere ("to say farewell"), historically rooted in the valedictorian's traditional role as the final speaker at the graduation ceremony commencement before the students receive their diplomas. Generally an academic institution's grade point average (GPA) system is used, but other methods of selection may be used or factored in such as volunteer work or extra-curricular activity. The valedictorian is commonly determined by a numerical formula. Valedictorian is an academic title for the highest-performing student of a graduating class of an academic institution. ![]()
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